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Cats do not come into this world knowing how to use a litter box. Kittens learn how to use a litter box from their mother around 4 weeks of age. If orphaned kittens are found, the caretaker must be responsible for introducing, or imprinting the litter box concept. Most kittens learn how to use a litter box very quickly. Assistance with dragging kitties paws through the litter to simulate digging and covering will ease the learning process. Most often we hear horror stories from cat owners on how their cat has been going to the bathroom in everyplace BUT the litter box. There are several factors that could be attributing to this problem. First and foremost, make sure you rule out any health problems (worms, cystitis, intestinal disease, urinary tract infections) by having the cat examined by your vet. If your vet has ruled out any health problems, then you must begin on working on the behavior problems your cat is experiencing. Many owners do not realize this is not just a problem for us humans, but for kitty as well. Your cat CAN tell when you are upset and frustrated and your behavior in helping your cat to use the litter box is very important. Make sure that you never punish your cat for not using his litter box properly.
Never punish your pet. This includes yelling, hitting, becoming aggressive, stomping and throwing objects. They do not understand punishment the way humans do and this will only result in your pet being scared of you and cause other behavior problems. Always keep the litter box clean. No one likes to use a dirty toilet. The litter box must be cleaned on a daily basis, regardless of the litter you use. Changing your litter or litter box style may confuse your cat. Switching back to the former litter and obtaining a litter box in the same style as the former litter box may correct the problem. Clean any soiled areas thoroughly with an enzyme-based cleaner that will remove the source of the odor and remove the stain. It is very important to clean this area properly so your cat will not be attracted to the same area. Keep your cat insulated from stressful events, such as parties or home repair. Put kitty in a safe, comfortable and confined area.
There are also behavior modification sprays and diffusers you can try, such as Feliway that seem to work if the vet determines the issue is behavioral.
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